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01358_Field_143.cap.txt
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1996-03-14
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108 lines
@
Philips was
founded in 1891
by a mechanical
engineer, Gerard
Philips, to manu-
facture lightbulbs.
Under his brother,
Anton, the firm
grew rapidly, but
wartime shortages
forced the "vert-
ical integration"
(making everything
from the glass
bulbs to cardboard
packaging), which
was to prove the
company's strength
#
Anton Philips,
then 48, took over
from his elder
brother, Gerard, in
1922. Anton had a
genius for market-
ing. He introduced
new electrical
goods including
radios (the first
Philips set
appeared in 1927),
and began turning
his company into
an industrial giant
#
The electric tea-
kettle must surely
be the simplest
and best electrical
gadget in the
home. It is faster
and safer, more
adaptable,
energy-efficient
and mobile than
its stove-top
equivalent. Such
devices became
the bread-and-
butter of Philips
and its many
competitiors
#
Electrical goods,
from steamirons
to microwaves,
have always been
marketed as
labor-saving
devices. This was
an important
selling-point as
more women
went out to work
but still bore
responsibility for
the chores in
the household
#
Competition from
Japan, oil crises
and recessions
provoked a series
of crises. And the
problem remains
that in the four
decades since
Anton Philips'
death, his goal -
consumer durables
in every home -
has largely been
achieved. Philips
now makes
super-chips, but
not washing
machines
#
In the Twenties
Philips was a
leader in the
home entertain-
ment field - with
the radio. The
company launched
the CD (co-prod-
uced with Sony),
but recent efforts
to sell innovations
such as the digital
cassette, high-
definition TV and
CDi players, have
hit problems
@